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Home / Review of New Penology Notes on the Emerging Strategy of Corrections and Its Implications

Review of New Penology Notes on the Emerging Strategy of Corrections and Its Implications

Sub-component of criminology

Penology (from "penal", Latin poena, "penalty" and the Greek suffix -logia, "study of") is a sub-component of criminology that deals with the philosophy and exercise[1] [2] of various societies in their attempts to repress criminal activities, and satisfy public opinion via an appropriate treatment regime for persons convicted of criminal offences.

The Oxford English Dictionary defines penology as "the report of the penalisation of offense and prison direction," and in this sense it is equivalent with corrections.[iii]

Penology is concerned with the effectiveness of those social processes devised and adopted for the prevention of crime, via the repression or inhibition of criminal intent via the fearfulness of punishment. The study of penology therefore deals with the treatment of prisoners and the subsequent rehabilitation of convicted criminals. It too encompasses aspects of probation (rehabilitation of offenders in the community) as well as penitentiary science relating to the secure detention and retraining of offenders committed to secure institutions.

Penology concerns many topics and theories, including those concerning prisons (prison house reform, prisoner abuse, prisoners' rights, and recidivism), as well equally theories of the purposes of penalization (deterrence, retribution, incapacitation and rehabilitation). Contemporary penology concerns itself mainly with criminal rehabilitation and prison management. The give-and-take seldom applies to theories and practices of penalty in less formal environments such as parenting, school and workplace correctional measures.

History [edit]

Dei delitti e delle pene (1766), frontpage, 6th edition.

Historical theories were based on the notion that fearful consequences would discourage potential offenders. An case of this principle tin can be institute in the Draconian police of Ancient Hellenic republic and the Bloody Code which persisted in Renaissance England, when (at diverse times) uppercase punishment was prescribed for over 200 offenses. Similarly, certain hudud offenses under Sharia hadith tradition may incur fearful penalties.

Mod theories of the punishment and rehabilitation of offenders are broadly based on principles articulated in the seminal pamphlet "On Crimes and Punishments" published by Cesare, Marquis of Beccaria in 1764. They center on the concept of proportionality. In this respect, they differ from many previous systems of punishment, for example, England's Encarmine Code, under which the penalization of theft had been the aforementioned regardless of the value stolen, giving rise to the English expression "It is too to exist hanged for a sheep or a lamb". Subsequent evolution of the ideas of Beccaria fabricated non-lethal punishment more adequate. Consequently, convicted prisoners had to be re-integrated into society when their punishment was consummate.[four]

Penologists take consequently evolved occupational and psychological education programs for offenders detained in prison, and a range of community service and probation orders which entail guidance and aftercare of the offender within the customs. The importance of inflicting some mensurate of penalisation on those persons who breach the law is however maintained in order to maintain social lodge and to moderate public outrage which might provoke appeals for cruel vengeance.[ clarification needed ]

More recently, some penologists have shifted from a retributive based penalization to a form of community corrections. "Community corrections involves the direction and supervision of offenders in the customs. These offenders are serving court-imposed orders either every bit an culling to imprisonment or as a condition of their release on parole from prison. This means they must report regularly to their community corrections officer and may take to participate in unpaid community work and rehabilitation programs.[five]"

See too [edit]

  • Auburn System
  • Zebulon Brockway
  • Elmira Correctional Facility
  • Her Majesty'southward Prison Service
  • Panopticon
  • Penal transportation
  • Prison reform

References [edit]

  1. ^ Rajendra Kumar Sharma (one Jan 1998). Criminology And Penology. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. pp. ii ff. ISBN978-81-7156-754-vi . Retrieved two March 2013.
  2. ^ Shlomo Giora Shoham; Ori Beck; Martin Kett (8 Oct 2007). International Handbook of Penology and Criminal Justice. CRC Printing. ISBN978-1-4200-5388-iii . Retrieved ii March 2013.
  3. ^ Todd R. Clear (1994). Harm in American penology: offenders, victims, and their communities. SUNY Press. p. xv. ISBN978-0-7914-2174-1.
  4. ^ Marcello Maestro, "A pioneer for the abolition of capital punishment: Cesare Beccaria." Periodical of the History of Ideas 34.3 (1973): 463-468. online
  5. ^ Corrections Prisons Parole, Department of Justice. "Customs corrections". world wide web.corrections.vic.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2019-04-28. Retrieved 2018-10-25 .

Further reading [edit]

  • Diiulio, John J., Governing Prisons: A Comparative Study of Correctional Management, Simon and Schuster, 1990. ISBN 0-02-907883-0
  • Feeley, M. Grand., & Simon, J. (1992). The new penology: Notes on the emerging strategy of corrections and its implications. Criminology, 30(4), 449-474.
  • Kazemian, L., McCoy, C., & Sacks, G. (2013). Does law thing? An onetime bail police force confronts the New Penology. Punishment & Club, 15(one), 43-70.

External links [edit]

  • CrimLinks UK based site

helmsreep1984.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penology